142 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
142 lines
4.7 KiB
Markdown
# Glossary and formula conventions
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English | [简体中文](./glossary.zh.md)
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This file fixes how a technical term is rendered in a comment and how a
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formula is written. Follow it when translating a comment.
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## The principle
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**A term with an established Chinese name uses that name in the Chinese
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paragraph.** The vocabulary of the field already has one, so the Chinese
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paragraph uses it directly and does not append the English each time. The
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English paragraph is unchanged, and the two sit side by side, so a reader may
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read either.
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**A proper name, an abbreviation, a person's name, a model or a method keeps
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its English form.** Those appear in the original sources only, the ITU-R
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recommendations, the NASA orbital mechanics literature and the Rust standard
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library, and translating them would leave a reader unable to find the source.
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## Terms that keep their English form
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| English | Kind | Notes |
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| --- | --- | --- |
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| SGP4, SDP4 | model | the orbit propagators |
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| Hermite | name | the interpolation polynomial |
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| Walker | name | the constellation pattern |
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| Newton | name | the iteration |
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| Runge-Kutta | name | the integrator |
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| Vandermonde | name | the interpolation matrix |
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| Hohmann | name | the transfer orbit |
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| TLE, BSTAR | format and field | the element set and one of its fields |
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| ECI, ECEF, TEME, ITRF, GCRS, ERA, GAST | abbreviation | frames and Earth rotation quantities |
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| Isp, TAI, UTC, UT1, MJD, JD | abbreviation | specific impulse and time scales |
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| TUMIN, XKE, X2O3 | symbol | internal model quantities |
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| EIRP, C/N0 | abbreviation | link figures |
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| delta-v | idiomatic | velocity increment, also written Δv in Chinese |
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These stay as they are in the Chinese paragraph too.
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## Terms that use their standard Chinese name
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The Chinese paragraph uses the Chinese directly, with no English appended:
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| English | Chinese |
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| --- | --- |
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| semi-major axis | 半长轴 |
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| semi-minor axis | 半短轴 |
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| semi-latus rectum | 半通径 |
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| eccentricity | 偏心率 |
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| perigee | 近地点 |
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| apogee | 远地点 |
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| true anomaly | 真近点角 |
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| mean anomaly | 平近点角 |
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| eccentric anomaly | 偏近点角 |
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| right ascension | 赤经 |
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| argument of perigee | 近地点幅角 |
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| inclination | 倾角 |
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| ascending node | 升交点 |
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| osculating | 密切 |
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| element set | 根数集 |
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| two-line element | 两线根数集 |
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| epoch | 历元 |
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| ephemeris | 星历 |
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| drag term | 阻力项 |
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| perturbation | 摄动 |
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| deep space | 深空 |
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| resonance | 共振 |
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| nodal | 交点 |
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| zenith | 天顶 |
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| nadir | 天底 |
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| sub-satellite point | 星下点 |
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| footprint | 覆盖区 |
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| mask | 遮蔽角 |
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| elevation | 仰角 |
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| azimuth | 方位角 |
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| central angle | 地心角 |
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| slant range | 斜距 |
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| path loss | 路径损耗 |
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| attenuation | 衰减 |
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| specific attenuation | 比衰减 |
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| rain rate | 降雨率 |
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| cross-section | 截面 |
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| noise temperature | 噪声温度 |
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| noise figure | 噪声系数 |
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| signal to noise ratio | 信噪比 |
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| free space path loss | 自由空间路径损耗 |
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| specific impulse | 比冲 |
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| exhaust velocity | 喷气速度 |
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| propellant | 推进剂 |
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| precession | 岁差 |
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| nutation | 章动 |
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| equinox | 分点 |
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| Earth rotation angle | 地球自转角 |
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| Modified Julian Date | 修正儒略日 |
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| leap second | 闰秒 |
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| assumed decimal point | 隐含小数点 |
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| two digit year | 两位数年份 |
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| checksum | 校验和 |
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| scenario | 场景 |
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| precedence | 优先约束 |
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| placement | 放置 |
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| candidate | 候选 |
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| boundary | 边界 |
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| invariant | 不变量 |
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| reachability | 可达性 |
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| shortest path | 最短路 |
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| mutual visibility | 互见 |
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| blocking | 遮挡 |
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| cross-check | 对拍 |
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| capacity | 容量 |
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| demand | 需求 |
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| window | 窗口 |
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| availability | 可用性 |
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| precedence graph | 优先关系图 |
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## Formulas
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- A formula is kept as it stands: not rewritten, not simplified, not completed.
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- A formula in a comment must agree with the code. Changing the code means
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changing the comment in the same edit.
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- A variable, function, field or module name keeps its English form.
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- An inline formula is written as code, `` `a (1 - e^2)` ``. A formula that
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needs several lines goes in a `/// ```text` block.
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- A unit goes in parentheses after the quantity, as in `半长轴，单位为千米`.
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## The layout of a comment
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The English and the Chinese of one passage are separated by an empty `///`
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line, English first:
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```rust
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/// Returns the phase offset applied between adjacent planes, in radians.
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///
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/// This is `f * 360 / t` degrees, where `f` is the phase factor and `t`
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/// the total satellite count.
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///
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/// 返回相邻轨道面之间施加的相位偏移，单位为弧度。
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///
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/// 即 `f * 360 / t` 度，其中 `f` 为相位因子，`t` 为卫星总数。
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```
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